Local homes sales are in a balanced state despite the lowest April sales numbers since 2001, according to a report by the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver.
“Although April sales were below what’s typical for the month, we continue to see, with a sales-to-active listing ratio of nearly 17 per cent, a balanced relationship between buyer demand and seller supply in our marketplace,” Eugen Klein, REBGV president said in a statement.
“Recent activity has had a stabilizing effect on home prices at the regional level, although pricing can vary depending on area and property type.”
According to the monthly report, homes sales and listings have maintained a consistent pace in recent months, contributing to the balanced conditions.
However, the report noted that Metro Vancouver sales totalled 2,799 in April 2012, a 13.2-per-cent decline compared to the 3,225 sales in April 2011 and a decline of 2.6 per cent compared to the 2,874 sales in March 2012.
April sales were the lowest total for the month in the region since 2001 and 16.9 per cent below the 10-year April sales average of 3,369, the board said in a release.
B.C. housing starts rise 6.3 per cent in April: CMHC
OTTAWA — Housing construction starts blew past expectations in April, according to data released Tuesday.
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. said there was a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 244,900 housing starts last month. That was up 14 per cent from the previous month, and well ahead of what the 204,000 economists polled by Bloomberg had been predicting.
"While unseasonably warm weather has been helping starts in recent months, April's return to more normal seasonal temperatures still saw home building soar," CIBC World Markets economist Emanuella Enenajor said in a research note.
"That's even with data on building permits pointing to some moderation in home-building intentions. That suggests that low (interest) rates remain the principal catalyst for continued robust construction activity in Canada."
Urban starts were up 18 per cent to an annual rate of 226,200, while the estimate on rural starts were down 19 per cent to 18,700.
Construction on multiple-housing units in urban areas drove the overall gains. They were up 27.4 per cent to a rate of 158,500. Urban singles saw a gain of 0.6 per cent to 67,700.
Regionally, there was a surge of 56.5 per cent in urban housing starts in Quebec. They were up 12.2 per cent in Ontario, 6.3 per cent in the Prairies and British Columbia, and 2.6 per cent in Atlantic Canada.
Vancouver home prices fall for fifth consecutive month
OTTAWA — Homes prices edged down 0.2 per cent in February from the month before but were still 6.1 per cent higher than a year ago, according to a well-watched housing index.
The month-over-month decline was the third such retreat in the past four months for the Teranet-National Bank National Composite House Price Index, released Wednesday, which measures price changes for repeat sales of single-family homes.
In January, prices rose 0.1 per cent.
Teranet's report showed prices falling from the previous month in six of the 11 metropolitan markets surveyed.
In Canada's two hottest real-estate markets, prices in Vancouver fell 0.3 per cent, the fifth consecutive decline, while prices in Toronto rose by just 0.1 per cent. On a yearly basis, however, Toronto prices were 10 per cent higher.
Nationally, prices were 6.1 per cent higher than a year ago. In January, prices were 6.5 per cent higher.
The data is likely to show up on the radar of Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney, who has repeatedly warned that Canadians are piling on too much debt as they buy homes whose prices keep rising.
At a House of Commons finance committee meeting Tuesday, Carney warned that house prices in relation to income levels are now running 35 per cent above historical norms.
Last week, the Canadian Real Estate Association reported that seasonally adjusted sales in March rose 1.6 per cent from year-earlier levels, although the national average home price declined 0.5 per cent to to $369,677.
"It is a fact that according to CREA (the Canadian Real Estate Association) data for March, five of the 11 markets covered were rather favourable to sellers (Toronto, Hamilton, Winnipeg, Halifax and Quebec City). Overall, the Canadian market is nevertheless balanced," said National Bank senior economist Marc Pinsonneault.
Metropolitan area % change m/m / % change y/y
Calgary / -0.6 % / +1.3 %
Edmonton / -1.0 % / +1.1 %
Halifax / +0.4 % / +2.3 %
Hamilton / -0.8 % / +7.5 %
Montreal / +0.2 % / +4.4 %
Ottawa / -0.4 % / +4.6 %
Quebec / +1.6 % / +5.6 %
Toronto / 0.1 % / +10.0 %
Vancouver / -0.3 % / +6.2 %
Victoria / -1.1 % / -1.7 %
Winnipeg / +0.2 % / +8.2 %
National Composite / -0.2 % / +6.1 %
Source: Teranet-National Bank National Composite House Price Index
Metro Vancouver housing market remains balanced despite sharp sales drop: report
Local homes sales are in a balanced state despite the lowest April sales numbers since 2001, according to a report by the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver.
“Although April sales were below what’s typical for the month, we continue to see, with a sales-to-active listing ratio of nearly 17 per cent, a balanced relationship between buyer demand and seller supply in our marketplace,” Eugen Klein, REBGV president said in a statement.
“Recent activity has had a stabilizing effect on home prices at the regional level, although pricing can vary depending on area and property type.”
According to the monthly report, homes sales and listings have maintained a consistent pace in recent months, contributing to the balanced conditions.
However, the report noted that Metro Vancouver sales totalled 2,799 in April 2012, a 13.2-per-cent decline compared to the 3,225 sales in April 2011 and a decline of 2.6 per cent compared to the 2,874 sales in March 2012.
April sales were the lowest total for the month in the region since 2001 and 16.9 per cent below the 10-year April sales average of 3,369, the board said in a release.
New listings for detached, attached and apartment properties totalled 6,056 in April, a 3.6-per-cent increase compared to both March 2012 when 5,843 homes were listed and April 2011 when 5,847 homes were listed for sale.
Last month’s new listing total was 6.7 per cent above the 10-year average for listings in Greater Vancouver for April, the release said.
At 16,538, the total number of homes listed for sale increased 8.5 per cent in April compared to last month and 16 per cent above this time last year.
The benchmark price for all residential properties stood at $683,800, up 3.7 per cent compared to April 2011 and an increase of 2.8 per cent over the last three months.
Sales of detached properties in April 2012 reached 1,126, a decline of 19.7 per cent from the 1,402 detached sales recorded in April 2011, although the benchmark price for detached properties increased 6.3 per cent from April 2011 to $1,064,800.
The highest benchmark price in April for a detached home was Vancouver West at $2.27 million, followed by West Vancouver at $1.98 million.
The benchmark price of an apartment increased 1.1 per cent from April 2011 to $375,900, while the price of a townhome increased 1.7 per cent between April 2011 and 2012 to $487,300.
Meanwhile, the Fraser Valley's housing market also showed a drop in sales year-over-year, although not as sharp as in Metro Vancouver.
According to the Fraser Valley Real Estate Board, there were 1,435 sales processed in April, down five per cent from April 2011, but up slightly from 1,412 sales in March.
In April, the board added seven per cent more new listings compared to one year ago, up to 3,134 from 2,918 last year. That pushed the number of properties for sale to 10,312, the highest level since July 2010.
“To put it in perspective, in the last decade, April 2012 ranked second lowest for sales during that month, while new listings came in at the third highest, meaning it’s a good time to be shopping for a home in the Fraser Valley because selection has only been this extensive twice,” said board president Scott Olson in a statement.
According to the report, the benchmark price for a detached home in the Fraser Valley rose 5.3 per cent in the year, from $547,800 in April 2011 to $576,600 last month.
In April, the price of a townhouse was $318,400, up 1.9 per cent year-over-year, while the price of an apartment increased 0.8 per cent over the same period to $205,800.
Three new towers proposed for Rogers Arena vicinity - Vancouver New Development
Public consultations beginning this month on the development of towers around the Rogers Arena mean Vancouver's skyline could change in an area that has seen plenty of controversy.
Aquilini Development's proposal to build three new residential and commercial towers may upset some residents, but community activist Sandy Garossino supports the idea.
She believes the project could convince the B.C. Pavillion Corporation to abandon reviving the idea of building a mega-casino in favour of condo and office tower development in Yaletown.
"We're still concerned the casino idea is going to come back," Garassino said. "There is just such a strong feeling that this is a community; this is a residential neighrbourhood." Public consultation on the three towers will begin on Feb. 20.
While the proposed changes to the skyline and the density of the neighbourhood make the project noteworthy, it's also the first to consider what would happen if city council approves demolishing one of the two viaducts in Vancouver.
Vancouver city councillor Geoff Meggs has long championed the contentious idea of removing the viaducts in favour of more public and residential development.
He says the long-term possibility of a fourth tower where the Dunsmuir Viaduct now runs fits with the city's vision for the area.
Vancouver real estate at risk if Canadian lending not constrained: TD Canada housing 10-15 pct over-valued
OTTAWA - Canadian housing is 10 to 15 percent over-valued, Canada’s second largest bank warned, as it called for more action to constrain lending growth.
Toronto-Dominion Bank chief economist Craig Alexander said last week in an analysis that if the overvaluation were unwound rapidly, the market correction would be three times the magnitude of the housing market correction of the early 1990s.
Alexander said it is more likely that there will be a gradual decline in sales and prices over the next several years unless there is a sharp rise in joblessness or interest rates. He warned against complacency, however.
“We need to acknowledge that a significant imbalance has developed and it poses a clear and present danger to Canada’s medium-term economic outlook,” he wrote. “It also suggests that further actions to constrain lending growth may be prudent.”
At greatest risk is Vancouver, a magnet for foreign buyers, along with the Toronto condo market, and the broad housing markets in Quebec City and Montreal, he said.
“Nevertheless, beyond selected cities, it is natural to assume that it will be a shock to all real estate markets when interest rates eventually rise from their prevailing exceedingly low levels,” he said.
Parallel with the real estate valuations is elevated household indebtedness. The ratio of debt to personal disposable income declined in the fourth quarter of 2011 to 150.6 percent from 151.9 percent in the third, but Alexander said this was due to a spike in unincorporated business and farm income that will probably prove to be temporary.
In fact, he forecast that by late 2013 the ratio will reach the 160 percent peak seen in the United States and Britain before their real estate corrections.
Alexander said the Bank of Canada, which has repeatedly voiced concern over housing prices and household debt, is in a bind because if it raises rates while the U.S. Federal Reserve holds rates steady, that would boost the Canadian dollar further and slow growth.
A majority of forecasters polled by Reuters last month predicted that the federal government would tighten mortgage rules this year.
Feb 6 (Reuters) - Canadian housing prices rose in January on a monthly basis for the first time in three months, led by gains in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver, according to a report from the Canadian Real Estate Association.
The newly launch MLS Home Price Index, which monitors housing prices in five major urban markets, rose 0.27 percent in January from a month earlier. It was up 5.2 percent from the previous year's level.
"While home prices remain up compared to one year ago, price growth from one month to the next has been slowing, causing year-over-year gains to shrink, and prices are generally expected to continue to stabilize this year," Gary Morse, the industry group's president, said in a statement.
General price declines in B.C. make province 'nation's new weak spot,' according to report
Canada's housing market is not a bubble, it's a balloon. And unlike the catastrophic decline the U.S. housing market experienced in 2008, the market in Canada will deflate slowly rather than pop, according to a report by BMO Capital Markets.
The sole possible exception is Vancouver, where the number of unoccupied condominiums is high due to building the Olympic Village, economists Sherry Cooper and Sal Guatieri wrote in "Will Canada's Housing Boom Forge On, Fizzle Out, or Flame Out?"
But generally, the report says that despite rising household debt, low interest rates and rising home prices, it is unlikely that a sudden correction will take place.
"The main take-away is that the national housing market appears some-what pricey, but is far removed from bubble territory," the report stated.
It compares average resale prices with median family incomes and finds the ratio is 4.9 nationally, compared to 3.2 a decade ago.
In Vancouver, though, where house prices have gone up 159 per cent in the last 10 years - compared to 104 per cent nationally - the ratio of price to income is 10, nearly double what it was a decade ago, the report said. Victoria is also high, at 5.7, but not as high as Toronto, which has a price to income ratio of 6.7.
Montreal has also seen prices rise dramatically - by 153 per cent - and its price-to-income ratio double, but that ratio remains low at 4.5.
Despite rising home prices in most of Canada's major cities, the growth doesn't seem to be excessive, the report said. But elevated valuations could lead to trouble in the event of a shock.
For example, if interest rates were to spike by about four percentage points, the affordability of homes would quickly drop throughout the country. A severe recession would also affect affordability.
But the chance of either of those events happening is unlikely, the report authors stated. Also, except for a few markets, the national housing boom has already cooled.
And British Columbia is now "the nation's new weak spot, with prices generally declining," the report said.
Some of that decline reflects fewer sales of high-end homes.
"[But] some real underlying softness is at play, and will likely continue until valuations improve," the report stated.
Tsur Somerville, director for the Centre for Urban Economics and Real Estate at the Sauder School of Business at UBC, said BMO's report is one of many predicting slight drops or slight increases in the housing market rather than a major correction.
"The kinds of things you need to get major corrections, like oversupply or radical change in the financing environment, just aren't there," Somerville said.
And just because the overall market will be flat, it doesn't mean that certain portions of it - such as areas that have had higher run-ups in prices over the past few years - aren't in for a correction, he said.
Helmut Pastrick, chief economist with Central 1 Credit Union, believes that while there may be a soft landing at some point in the future, it won't be in 2012.
"The market is holding up generally well and it looks like 2012 is going to be fairly similar to 2011 in terms of overall unit sales," Pastrick said. "Housing prices will go up by some amount, sales will also increase by a small amount."
And while the economy isn't booming, it is growing, interest rates are low and there is job growth, he said.
"So the conditions to me aren't ripe for a correction."
Meanwhile, Bloomberg reported that Canada's banking regulator fears that Canadian lenders are loosening standards on mortgages that are similar to U.S. subprime loans, posing an "emerging risk" to financial institutions.
Banks and other lenders are becoming "increasingly liberal" with mort-gages and home-equity credit lines that don't require individuals to prove their income, according to documents obtained by Bloomberg under freedom of information law request from the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions.
"Non-income qualified" lending has been added to a list of issues to be considered by OSFI's "emerging-risk committee," Bloomberg reported the documents showing.
Pastrick disputes this finding.
"We're not subprime, not by a long shot," he said.
Lenders in Canada have "credible lending criteria and standards." And while lenders will lower rates to grab market share "credit isn't easy like it was in the U.S.," he said.
Somerville believes the problem is with home equity lines of credit which have become more popular over the year and don't always require income verification.
Not only are lines of credit given out without the same level of super-vision or the same standard of care that is applied to mortgages, they are also junior in seniority to mortgages, Somerville said.
TD Financial Group's chief economist on New Low Mortgage Rates
Canada's big banks offered homebuyers a big fat incentive last week when, led by the Bank of Montreal, most dropped their five-year fixed mortgage rates to an unheard of 2.99 per cent. Like the failing Detroit auto industry of the early 2000s, with its zero per cent financing, no-money-down offers, Canada's banks appear willing to sacrifice some profit to keep the mortgage market booming. They're still making money—and certainly won't go bankrupt like two of the Big Three automakers did—but there is a similar whiff of desperation here at a time when the housing market appears to be cooling. Even in once hot markets like Calgary, prices have flattened.
These ultra low rates are bad news for Finance Minister Jim Flaherty and Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney, who've been warning Canadians for years to stop taking on record debt loads in this era of easy money. BMO's rate does come with a few catches, like a maximum 25-year payment period. But that doesn't mean buyers won't find themselves in trouble five years from now if rates rise.
Maybe the bigger concern is what happens if the housing market really does head south, and what that means for the Canadian economy. Over the past decade, construction was the second-fastest growing industry, creating one million jobs. It now accounts for an incredible one-tenth of Canada's GDP. Rising house prices have also made Canadians feel richer and insulated from economic troubles. As the U.S. showed, when housing is stripped from the equation, things can quickly go from bad to worse. Record-low mortgage rates might help keep the economy chugging along, but let's just hope we're not now running on fumes.
A strong international demand for bonds from Canada's biggest banks is trickling through the system and pushing mortgage rates to record lows at the consumer level. The Bank of Montreal moved its five-year fixed mortgage rate to 2.99 per cent late Thursday — the lowest posted rate from a major bank in Canadian history. BMO announced the rate cut late on Thursday and TD followed suit by lowering their four-year fixed rate to 2.99 per cent on Friday afternoon. BMO's offer, which ends Jan. 25, states that lump sum payments are limited to 10 per cent of the principal each year. The mortgage is also based on a 25-year amortization period. TD's offer is open until Feb. 29, 2012. It's also for a four-year term, much less common than the standard five-year. Other banks are expected to follow suit. On Wednesday, Toronto-Dominion Bank reduced its posted six-year rate 132 basis points to 3.79 per cent and lowered the posted seven-year fixed rate 91 basis points to 3.99 per cent.
According to statistics released today by The Canadian Real Estate Association (CREA), national resale housing activity posted an increase from November to December 2011. Sales activity recorded through the MLS® Systems of Canadian real estate Boards and Associations rose 1.8 per cent from November to December 2011, marking the fourth consecutive monthly increase.
The country's smallest rental suites are unveiled in Vancouver, but demonstrators disrupt the news conference, demanding access to housing.
A Vancouver developer has unveiled 30 "micro-lofts," which are under 300 square feet in size and are touted as the smallest self-contained furnished rental apartments in Canada.
They are in a newly renovated building at 18 West Hastings Street, across from Save-On Meats in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside and were displayed Monday. The suites, which range in size from 226 to 291 square feet, go for an average of $850 per month, including cable and internet. "I was looking for an affordable living space ... and the suite was perfect," said Lia Cosco, one of the building's tenants. "The unique allocation of space and the design concepts make the small space very inviting and comfortable to live in."
While the suites may seem microscopic to some, the developer says the units maximize the square footage by using built-in pull-down wall beds, folding tables and compact appliances. 'This is a homelessness strategy'
The city, along with developers Reliance Properties and ITC Construction Group, are billing the suites as "an affordable and much needed non-subsidized rental housing opportunity in downtown Vancouver."
However, that description doesn't sit well with a handful of protesters who stormed the unveiling on Monday.
"I don't understand how this is part of an affordable housing strategy," said demonstrator Ivan Drury. "This is not an affordable housing strategy. This is a homelessness strategy." The project is in a previously abandoned building, which had been operating as a single room occupancy (SRO) hotel. Protesters are calling on the city to stop converting former SROs into brand new apartments, which are being marketed at a significantly higher cost. However, Coun. Kerry Jang defended the project, maintaining it does fit in with the city's affordable housing strategy.
"Mixed neighborhoods work best," he said. "It's because some people bring in the money, they live in these places [and] they end up subsidizing, keeping the businesses open."
B.C. Assessment released its data on the value of homes in the province on Tuesday. While some regions saw values skyrocket, others dropped. Take a look to see how your property's value (and your taxes) will jump this year.
List ranked in order from largest hike to biggest drop in values:
1. Vancouver - Up 16.42%
2. Richmond-Delta - Up 12.83%
3. North Fraser (Burnaby, Coquitlam, etc.) - Up 8.45%
4. Surrey-White Rock - Up 7.83%
5. Peace River - Up 7.44%
6. North Shore-Squamish Valley - Up 6.48%
7. Northwest B.C. (Prince Rupert, Terrace, Kitimat) - Up 4.74%
8. Prince George - Up 2.36%
9. Fraser Valley - Up 1.67%
10. Nelson/Trail - Up 1.08%
11. Cariboo - Up 0.32%
12. Central Vancouver Island (Nanaimo) - Down 0.06%
The B.C. government has raised the threshold for homeowner property grant to $1.285 million to accommodate rising property values.
The news comes as hundreds of thousands of annual property assessments are being prepared for B.C. property owners by the government. Last year, the threshold was $1.15 million. The grant effectively reduces the property tax paid by most B.C. homeowners by up to $1,045.
Every year the province adjusts the grant to ensure 95.5 per cent of homeowners receive the full amount of the grant. Those with homes above the threshold may still be eligible for part of the grant.
"The homeowner grant provides a maximum reduction in residential property taxes on principal residences of $570 in the Capital, Greater Vancouver and Fraser Valley regional districts and $770 elsewhere in the province," said a statement issued by the government on Tuesday.
"An additional grant of $275 is available to those who are age 65 or over, permanently disabled or a veteran of certain wars,."
"We continue to see challenging economic times around the world. By maintaining the homeowner grant, we continue to help families with the costs of owning their homes," said Finance Minister Kevin Falcon in the statement.
The grant is only available to Canadian citizens and to landed immigrants who normally reside in B.C.
REGIONAL HOUSING MARKETS: A YEAR IN REVIEW AND A LOOK AHEAD
Gradual unwinding of the over-valuation in house prices across the country
Highlights
As the year draws to a close, we conclude that the Canadian housing market put forth a respectable showing. Annual price gains are estimated at 7.5% in 2011 and sales’ growth ought to come in positive as well, but at a much more modest pace of 2.2%.
Behind the headline figure, we have seen gains in prices and sales activity decelerate in recent months. Some of the underlying factors include tighter insured mortgage financing rules and weakened confidence related to the stability of the economic recovery. Helping cushion the impact of these negative forces has been the persistence of low mortgage rates.
We believe that the average Canadian home price is over-valued by roughly 10%. Metrics like price to income, price to rent, and affordability all support this conclusion. We expect that the price excess will gradually unwind over the next two years in light of a softening in employment conditions in 2012 followed by higher interest rates in 2013.
In contrast to the resale market, starts continue to come in well above expectations. The strength witnessed over the last few years has been driven exclusively by the multi-residential category. Consistent with weaker resale markets, we expect new starts to trend toward 170,000-180,000 units in the 2012-13 period.
In addition to our national perspective, we provide an in-depth forecast of twelve major markets. While no urban center will be immune to the macroeconomic and interest rate headwinds, Calgary and Edmonton are likely to do better than the rest. By contrast, a larger-than-average price and sales correction looks to be in store for both Toronto and Vancouver.
Homebuyers came out in the early part of 2011 to take advantage of record-low interest rates and to beat out changes to new insured mortgage financing rules. With Canadians bringing forward their purchases and national job gains tapering off since the autumn, the past few months have recorded more modest price and sales gains. In all, 2011 put forth a very respectable showing with price appreciation clocking in at an estimated 7.5% and sales growth also positive, but at a more modest 2.2%. At around 190,000 units, housing starts also continued to come in above long-run averages.
Looking ahead, we anticipate a tug-of-war action to take hold in the Canadian real estate market. At one of the rope is the magnetism of low interest rates; at the other end are subdued prospects for economic, income and employment growth. Ultimately, we expect the economic side of the equation to win out over the near-term. In particular, the first half of 2012 is likely to be characterized by ongoing confidence-sapping events in Europe, global financial turbulence and slowing world economic growth.
While housing activity is expected to do somewhat better in the second half of the year, as external clouds start to dissipate, rising Canadian interest rates in 2013 should erect the next road block in the way of housing markets. Overall, we expect sales to record annual average declines of 2.4% and 3.5% in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Prices are poised to suffer a similar fate – annual average declines of 1.9% in 2012 and 3.6% in 2013. Starts should dip to an average 170,000 to 180,000 units in 2012-13. Collectively, these adjustments will gradually erase the over-valuation in the marketplace.
While no urban center will be immune from economic volatility and higher prevailing interest rates, some regions are expected to do better than others over the next two years. Among the twelve major markets profiled in this report, Calgary and Edmonton ought to lead the pack. Solid economic fundamentals and the absence of a recent run-up in prices support our call. Toronto and Vancouver do not appear to be as lucky – we have them experiencing a greater-than-average correction in both sales and prices over the next two years.
Canada’s housing market defies the odds in 2011
In 2011, the national housing market turned in a respectable performance despite some notable hurdles. In the spring, the federal government responded to growing signs of excessive household indebtedness by announcing a further tightening in the rules surrounding insured mortgages.
In order to beat this announced change, we suspect that many homebuyers brought forward their purchases earlier in the year. In the summer, a combination of concerns about European sovereign debt, a U.S. government credit rating downgrade and worries about the global recovery led to increased uncertainty. Businesses have responded by reducing hiring in Canada since the autumn. Yet, home sales are headed for their seventh gain in ten years; prices are on tap to see their ninth gain in ten years. Still, a closer look at the data shows that activity in most of Canada’s major markets has moved past its peak and has since landed softly.
Average residential prices have also been skewed by outsized strength in Vancouver and to a lesser extent, Toronto. If we were to exclude these two major markets, the price and resale activity gains would be much more muted than the headline number would suggest.
In the new home market, starts have fallen from their peak levels of 229,000 recorded in 2007. But at an estimated 192,000 new starts in 2011, readings continue to remain well above demographic fundamentals, which we calculate to be 180,000 units. Similar to the resale side of the story, the national numbers have been skewed disproportionately by strong performances in large urban markets, notably Toronto. If we were to exclude Toronto from the national tally, total starts would have declined significantly in 2011.
Metrics point to over-valuation embedded in home prices today
As we recast our focus on where the housing market is headed, there has been considerable attention given to the extent of over-valuation in Canadian home prices. There is no definitive measure that one can point to quantify the degree of excess (with absolute certainty) imbedded in average residential prices in Canada today. Each measure carries with it some underlying concern about the conclusions that can be made. For example, if we use the average price-torrent ratio as a benchmark, it would tell us that homes are over-inflated by as much as 75% relative to the long-run average. However, the ratio inherently ignores the impact of changing mortgage rates, the presence of provincial rent control measures, and a potential divergence in quality between owned and rental accommodation.
Taking a look at just real home prices would lead to a conclusion that houses are priced more than 60% higher than the long-run average. Still, historical prices do not factor in key structural changes over time, such as lower trend mortgage rates, longer amortization periods, rising land values, transit development nearby, improved home quality and rising incomes. The price-to-income measure attempts to take income movements into consideration, but still does not capture some of the other factors previously presented. Based on this measure, prices are 44% over-valued. A more defensible measure assumes that total housing costs relative to income eventually revert back to a long term average. If we use this measure and assume a return to more normal levels of interest rates, the degree of overvaluation would be around 10-15%. Given the behavior of sales and price trends in recent years – one that does not share bubble-like characteristics such as those in the U.S. pre-2007 – we are comfortable with this estimate of national price over-valuation.
Less supportive factors on tap for housing
When we look ahead to our 2012-13 forecast period, we see that the headwinds facing both supply and demand will increase in intensity. In turn, we anticipate resale price froth to gradually evaporate leaving the market in a more balanced position relative to where it stands today. More specifically, we expect both sales and prices to record annual average declines in both 2012 and 2013, with the latter year expected to record the brunt of the hit. Several factors support our forecasts, which we briefly delve into next.
Modest economic, income and employment growth over short-term
Real GDP growth in Canada is estimated at a solid 2.4% in 2011. However, storm clouds will increasingly hang over our small open economy during the first half of 2012. Much of the risk surrounds the European sovereign debt crisis and the failure of politicians to take decisive action so far to pour water over the flame. The base case scenario embedded in our forecast includes a recession within Europe, coming to a climax in early 2012 when borrowing pressures and requirements will be heightened. Financial market volatility and a global economic slowdown will likely play out as a result. In this context and given our export-based economy, real GDP growth is projected to slow to a minimal 1% on average during the first half of 2012. With these headline numbers, the national unemployment rate is expected to increase from 7.3% to 7.7% by the middle of next year.
National employment growth is also poised to be sub-1.0%, on a quarterly basis, during the first half of the year, while gains in after-tax incomes will be significantly restrained.
Prices and sales tend to be negatively correlated with financial market volatility and job and economic uncertainty – a house is too big an asset for most families to jump into when job security is in question and financial portfolios are vulnerable to sizeable swings in total value. As a consequence, resale prices and sales are expected to decline during the first half of 2012, before the turbulence eases in the months thereafter. In our forecast, we make the explicit assumption that – faced with a mounting crisis – leaders in Europe ultimately take bold action to address the situation, thus delivering benefits to financial markets and economies around the world. As such, Canada’s economy and job market is likely to regain traction in the second half of 2012 and into 2013, with real GDP growth rebounding to above 2.0%.
At the regional level, we believe the resource-based provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan and Newfoundland and Labrador will continue to carry the best economic prospects over the 2012-13 period. The manufacturing-heavy regions of Ontario, Québec and Manitoba are expected to come in close to the national average. Last but not least, the Maritime provinces should see sub-par numbers over the next two years, with Nova Scotia being the as shipbuilding work gets underway.
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